Nicotiana glauca Graham

The Useful Plants of Boyacá project

Distribution

Native from Colombia.

Conservation

Not Evaluated.

Ecology

Alt. 1450 - 2700 m.

Morphology General Habit

Shrub or tree.

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution

Nativa en Colombia; Alt. 1450 - 2700 m.; Andes.

Morphology General Habit

Arbusto, arbolito

Conservation

No Evaluada

Solanaceae, Jennifer M Edmonds. Oliganthes, Melongena & Monodolichopus, Maria S. Vorontsova & Sandra Knapp. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2012

Type

Type: cultivated Edinburgh from seed collected in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Smith s.n. (E, holo., photo!) fide Goodspeed in Chron. Bot. 16: 335 (1954) & Purdie et al. in Fl. Australia 29: 57 (1982)

Morphology General Habit

Shrub or small tree up to 5(–10) m, quick-growing.

Morphology Stem

Stems woody, erect, often densely branched; all stems glabrescent and glaucous

Morphology Leaves

Leaves glaucous, lanceolate, ovate, ovate- lanceolate or elliptic, 3.2–10(–28) × 1.6–5(–18.5) cm, upper leaves often smaller, bases cuneate to cordate, margins entire to sinuate, apices acute, glabrescent; petioles 2.2–5.5(–12) cm long

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescences terminal lax panicles, bracteate; pedicels 4–8 mm long and erect in flower to recurved, 7–9 mm long in fruit when always recurved, glabrescent to sparsely pilose; bracts linearlanceolate, pilose

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Calyx tubular, 8–13 × 3–7 mm, glabrescent externally with ciliate margins, lobes unequal, narrowly triangular, 1–3.5 × 1.1–2.5 mm, acute to acuminate, enlarging in fruit

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Corolla yellow to greenish-yellow, tubular below, ampliate beneath lobe lobes, 3–4 cm long and 6–9 mm diameter apically; tube 3–3.6 × ± 3 mm basally increasing to 6–8 mm apically below lobes, densely pilose/villous externally with spreading multicellular glandular- and eglandularheaded hairs, glabrous internally; lobes broadly triangular, 1.5–2.5 × 3.5–5 mm, acute, spreading after anthesis

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Stamens unequal with fifth usually slightly shorter; filaments free for 2.1–2.3 cm, with shorter free for ± 1.6 cm; anthers green becoming brown, cordiform, 1.2–2 × 1.2–2 mm

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary

Ovary ovoid to conical, 2–3.5 × 1.7–3.5 mm; disc crenulate, 2–3.5 mm diameter; style 1.8–3.2 cm long; stigma green, 0.6–0.8 × 0.7–1.5 mm

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Capsules brown, ellipsoid or ovoid, 0.8–1.2 × 5–8 mm, glabrous, dehiscing by four glabrous smooth valves, subtended by accrescent glabrescent calyx

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds

Seeds ellipsoid, ovoid, cuboidal, rectangular, angular or discoid, 0.3–0.8(–1) × 0.3–0.5(–0.7) mm

Figures

Fig 3/11–13, p 22

Ecology

Escape from cultivation often found in dry rocky disturbed soils, on steep slopes, waste ground, river- and lake-banks and roadsides, occasionally in grassland, and associated with Crotalaria and Jasminum; 1600–1900 m

Conservation

Widespread; least concern (LC)

Note

Often known as the tree tobacco or mustard tree. The species is also grown as a medicinal plant for the production of anabasine, which is a starting material for insecticide (Mansfeld 2001); the leaves are said to be poisonous to cattle, sheep and horses.

Distribution

Flora districts: K3 K4 K6 Range: Native to South America, now naturalised in many tropical, subtropical and temperate regions

Flora Zambesiaca. Vol. 8, Part 4. Solanaceae. Gonçalves AE. 2005

Type

Type a plant cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, Scotland, 1827, raised from seed sent by Smith from Buenos Aires, Argentina; no specimen now known.

Morphology General

Virgate, rapidly growing, short-lived shrub or small tree, less often a herb, loosely few–much branched sometimes from the base, ± succulent, 2–6 m tall (elsewhere said to reach 10 m), mostly quite glabrous

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pedicel

Pedicels 5–10 mm long, slender, later markedly thickened distally, 11–14 mm long and incurved in fruit

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Calyx 8–13 × 3–5 mm, tubular, glabrous to shortly pubescent; teeth unequal to equal, 1. 5–4 × 0.8–3 mm, triangular or ovate-triangular, acute or acuminate, somewhat ciliate, the membrane between them lacking or nearly so; in fruit somewhat enlarged to 14 × 9 mm and enclosing it Calyx 8–13 × 3–5 mm, tubular, glabrous to shortly pubescent; teeth unequal to equal, 1.5–4 × 0.8–3 mm, triangular or ovate-triangular, acute or acuminate, somewhat ciliate, the membrane between them lacking or nearly so; in fruit somewhat enlarged to 14 × 9 mm and enclosing it.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Corolla green, becoming yellowish or orangish, sometimes greenish at the apex of the lobes, (2.7)3–4(4.3) cm long, tubular-salviform; tube narrow to just above the calyx, then dilated and slightly broadened upwards, with a distinct swelling beneath the short limb, slightly constricted above and below the swelling, glabrous or minutely pubescent; limb 1. 5–4 mm long, (3)4–8(10) mm across, nearly circular to nearly pentagonal in outline; lobes 0.5–1. 2 × 2–3 mm, triangular-ovate, acute to rounded, erect to spreading Corolla green, becoming yellowish or orangish, sometimes greenish at the apex of the lobes, (2.7)3–4(4.3) cm long, tubular-salviform; tube narrow to just above the calyx, then dilated and slightly broadened upwards, with a distinct swelling beneath the short limb, slightly constricted above and below the swelling, glabrous or minutely pubescent; limb 1.5–4 mm long, (3)4–8(10) mm across, nearly circular to nearly pentagonal in outline; lobes 0.5–1.2 × 2–3 mm, triangular-ovate, acute to rounded, erect to spreading.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Stamens subequal or unequal, glabrous, included or rarely exserted; filaments 2–2.5 cm long, attached at the same level at or near the dilation of the corolla tube, geniculate just above the insertion; anthers 1. 2–1. 7 × 1–1. 8 mm Stamens subequal or unequal, glabrous, included or rarely exserted; filaments 2–2.5 cm long, attached at the same level at or near the dilation of the corolla tube, geniculate just above the insertion; anthers 1.2–1.7 × 1–1.8 mm.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc

Disk 0.5–0.6 mm high, thick, quite coalescent to adnate upwards to the basal part of the ovary, obsoletely lobed to almost truncate Disk 0.5–0.6 mm high, thick, quite coalescent to adnate upwards to the basal part of the ovary, obsoletely lobed to almost truncate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary

Ovary 2.2–3 × 2 mm, conical, glabrous.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style

Style 3–3.5 cm long, straight

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Fruit often pendulous, brownish, papyraceous or chartaceous, 8–12 × 5–8 mm, oblong-ellipsoid, glabrous, splitting above into 4 valves by septicidal and loculicidal slits Fruit often pendulous, brownish, papyraceous or chartaceous, 8–12 × 5–8 mm, oblong-ellipsoid, glabrous, splitting above into 4 valves by septicidal and loculicidal slits.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds

Seeds brown or golden-brown, 0.5 × 0.3 mm, prismatic, laterally compressed, honeycombed-reticulate Seeds brown or golden-brown, 0.5 × 0.3 mm, prismatic, laterally compressed, honeycombed-reticulate.

Note

Chromosome number: 2n=24 Common name: “Tree Tobacco” or “Wild Tobacco”.

Ecology

Dry riparian vegetation, seasonal watercourses, waste and cultivated ground and other areas of disturbance particularly along roads, mine tips and near dunes; up to 1460 m .

Distribution

BOT SW, BOT SE, ZAM C, ZIM N, ZIM W, ZIM C, ZIM E, ZIM S, MOZ GI Native to Argentina and possibly Bolivia, now extending westwards to Chile and northwards throughout Central America and the Antilles to southern and western United States; widely distributed usually as a weed in warm and warm-temperate regions of both he Zimbabwe Zambia Botswana Mozambique

Morphology General Habit

Virgate, rapidly growing, short-lived shrub or small tree, less often a herb, loosely few–much branched sometimes from the base, ± succulent, 2–6 m tall (elsewhere said to reach 10 m), mostly quite glabrous.

Morphology Branches

Branches terete to angular, younger parts glaucous, greenish or blue-purplish, sometimes covered with a waxy bloom. Branches terete to angular, younger parts glaucous, greenish or blue-purplish, sometimes covered with a waxy bloom

Morphology Leaves

Leaves solitary, glaucous to ± green; petiole 1–8.5(12.5) cm long, ± slender, not winged; lamina thickish, rubbery to softly leathery, 2–14(29.5) × 1–7(19) cm, broadly lanceolate, ovate to elliptic, sometimes obovate or spathulate, base attenuate, cuneate to rounded, truncate or subcordate, equal-sided to unequal-sided, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, sometimes apiculate or acuminate, entire or somewhat repand, both surfaces smooth, sometimes covered with a whitish waxy bloom. Leaves solitary, glaucous to ± green; petiole 1–8.5(12.5) cm long, ± slender, not winged; lamina thickish, rubbery to softly leathery, 2–14(29.5) × 1–7(19) cm, broadly lanceolate, ovate to elliptic, sometimes obovate or spathulate, base attenuate, cuneate to rounded, truncate or subcordate, equal-sided to unequal-sided, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, sometimes apiculate or acuminate, entire or somewhat repand, both surfaces smooth, sometimes covered with a whitish waxy bloom

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Flowers erect to ± pendulous, in broad, flat, loose, paniculiform inflorescences 6–15 cm long, at the ends of the branches and in the axils below; bracts and bracteoles small, subulate, ephemeral; pedicels 5–10 mm long, slender, later markedly thickened distally, 11–14 mm long and incurved in fruit. Flowers erect to ± pendulous, in broad, flat, loose, paniculiform inflorescences 6–15 cm long, at the ends of the branches and in the axils below; bracts and bracteoles small, subulate, ephemeral.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil

Ovary 2.2–3 × 2 mm, conical, glabrous; style 3–3.5 cm long, straight.

Cytology

Chromosome number: 2n=24.

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation

Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident

Use Materials

Materials (State of the World's Plants 2016).

Use Materials Unspecified Materials Chemicals

Materials (State of the World's Plants 2016).